Institutional Challenges In Marine Environmental Conservation: Special Reference To Sdg 14.

Abstract

Oceans has become an important strategic and environmental space in the 21st century. Most of our earth surface is covered with water due to which most of the global trade were done through sea routes. Not only trade but also necessary items like fishes, marine biodiversity and others are helpful for consumption and attracting the tourists. The fishes are used for consumption purposes and medical purposes as well. Most of the treatment of chronic diseases made up of oils and parts of aquatic animals specifically fishes. As the ocean is so beneficial to us, hence it becomes our responsibility to protect and conserve the ocean. UN had made many institutions like UNCLOS. The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea was adopted in 1982 and entered into force in 1994.[1] India had also shown commitment by becoming part of this UN Institutions. Even India has also initiatives like SAGAR, MAHASAGAR. Despite the initiatives, the implementation of maritime environmental governance remains a significant challenge. Although each institution has specialized functions, overlapping jurisdiction and limited coordination frequently reduce policy effectiveness. This challenges that directly affect India’s progress in SDG 14 (life below water)..