Assess the Relationship Between School Bag Weight on Back Pain and Postural Issues in School Children at Selected Urban Areas of Belagavi City

Abstract

School-aged children are at a crucial stage of growth and development and are vulnerable to musculoskeletal problems caused by improper ergonomic practices and heavy school bags. This study aimed to assess the correlation between school bag weight, back pain, and postural issues among school children and to identify their association with selected socio-demographic variables. A quantitative, non-experimental descriptive correlational design was adopted among 100 school children aged 11–13 years from selected urban schools in Belagavi using probability random sampling. Data were collected through a semi-structured questionnaire, weighing scale, Numeric Rating Scale, and observational checklist. The findings revealed that 76% of students perceived their bags as heavy, with most carrying bags weighing 3–4 kg. Common postural problems included rounded shoulders (75%), uneven shoulders (69%), and forward head posture (65%). Back pain was reported by 76% of students, mainly in the upper back and neck regions, with moderate pain intensity. Pearson correlation showed weak and non-significant relationships between school bag weight and pain or posture. However, chi-square analysis indicated significant associations between school bag-related factors and postural issues. The study highlights the importance of ergonomic education, awareness programs, and preventive strategies for promoting healthy posture and reducing musculoskeletal problems among school children.