The Gut Microbiome and Human Health: Unravelling the Complex Interactions

Abstract

The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in human health, influencing various aspects of physiology, metabolism, and immune function. This review explores the complex interactions between the gut microbiome and human health, shedding light on the mechanisms by which microbial communities impact host physiology and disease susceptibility. We discuss the dynamic nature of the gut microbiome, shaped by factors such as diet, lifestyle, and environmental exposures, and its role in maintaining homeostasis and resilience in the face of perturbations. Additionally, we examine the links between dysbiosis of the gut microbiome and a range of human diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, metabolic disorders, and neurodevelopmental disorders. Understanding the intricate relationships between the gut microbiome and human health is essential for developing targeted interventions and therapeutics aimed at modulating microbial communities to promote health and prevent disease.