Climate Change and Agriculture: The Effects of Extreme Weather on Crop Production in Peru and Ecuador

Abstract

Climate change poses a severe threat to agriculture in South America, affecting crop yields, food security, and rural economies. This paper examines the impact of extreme weather events—such as droughts, floods, and temperature fluctuations—on agricultural production in Peru and Ecuador. The study evaluates adaptation strategies, including climate-resilient crops, irrigation innovations, and government policies supporting farmers. Findings indicate that while some adaptation measures have improved resilience, more investment in sustainable farming practices and climate policies is needed to mitigate long-term risks. The study suggests solutions for enhancing food security in vulnerable regions.