Knowledge, Awareness, and Menstrual Hygiene Practices Among Adolescent Girls in Barpeta District, Assam a Cross-Sectional Study
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Abstract
Menstrual hygiene management (MHM) is an essential component of adolescent health, dignity, and well-being. Inadequate knowledge, cultural taboos, and limited access to sanitary products and sanitation facilities often influence menstrual hygiene practices among adolescent girls, particularly in developing regions. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the knowledge, awareness, and menstrual hygiene practices among adolescent girls in Barpeta District, Assam. The study employed a descriptive cross-sectional research design and collected data from adolescent girls using a structured questionnaire. Information regarding socio-demographic characteristics, age at menarche, sources of menstrual information, knowledge of menstruation, hygiene practices, and menstrual-related challenges was obtained and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.
The findings indicate that although a majority of participants were aware of menstruation before menarche, significant gaps persisted in scientific knowledge regarding the physiological process of menstruation. Mothers and teachers emerged as the primary sources of information, while peers and digital media played a supplementary role. Most respondents reported using sanitary napkins; however, a considerable proportion continued to rely on traditional absorbents due to financial constraints and limited accessibility. Regular changing of absorbents, proper disposal methods, and personal hygiene practices varied across participants. Cultural restrictions, social stigma, and inadequate menstrual hygiene facilities in schools remained important barriers to effective menstrual hygiene management.The study concludes that enhancing menstrual health literacy through comprehensive school-based education, community awareness programmes, and improved access to affordable menstrual hygiene products and sanitation facilities is essential for promoting healthy menstrual practices. Collaboration among educational institutions, healthcare providers, government agencies, and community organizations can contribute to reducing menstrual stigma and improving the health and well-being of adolescent girls in Barpeta District, Assam
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