Efficiency of Public Expenditure on Sports in India..
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Abstract
This study assesses the efficiency of public expenditure on sports across 28 states of India over the period 2019-2022 using data envelopment analysis and Malmquist productivity index. It uses two inputs (public expenditure on sports and population) and two outputs (total number of participants and total weighted medal counts). This study employs an output-oriented BCC model to assess technical efficiency, scale efficiency, and returns to scale. The analysis reveals that 9 states operate on efficiency frontier. The average technical efficiency across all states is 0.59, indicating that, on average, Indian states are moderately efficient and could improve their outputs by approximately 41 percent without increasing expenditure. The MPI analysis for 2019-2022 shows that 19 states recorded an overall improvement in total factor productivity. The cluster analysis identifies six distinct state typologies. This study has numerous policy implications as it contributes to the comparative analysis of sports system across Indian states.
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